Abstract

Changes in the DNA sequence, or mutations, are a major contributor to
the variety of species. These alterations take place at a variety of levels and
might have quite varied effects. One should be aware of the heritability
of biological systems that are capable of reproduction; particularly,
certain mutations impact only the carrier organism while others affect
all of the carrier organism’s progeny and subsequent generations. In
order for mutations to have an impact on an organism’s offspring, they
must: 1) occur in cells that give rise to the following generation; and
2) alter the genetic code. In the end, species variety is produced by the
interaction of hereditary mutations and environmental stresses. Even
though there are many different kinds of molecular changes, the term
“mutation” most often refers to a modification that hinders the nucleic
acids. These nucleic acids are the building blocks of DNA in biological
organisms, and they are the building blocks of either DNA or RNA
in viruses. The long-term memory of the information needed for an
organism to reproduce is stored in DNA and RNA, which is one way to
consider them.